In response to the growing threat of war with Russia, Germany is taking steps to bolster its civil defense capabilities by converting metro stations and public buildings into emergency bomb shelters. This effort comes as officials face criticism for years of neglect in maintaining the nation’s bunker network.
With only 579 public shelters available—enough for 500,000 people in a country of 84.4 million—the Federal Office for Civil Protection is identifying existing structures that can be repurposed as safe zones. The initiative also includes developing a mobile app to help residents locate the nearest shelter in an emergency.
Germany’s civil defense infrastructure has been largely dismantled since 2007, a decision made in an era of reduced geopolitical tensions. However, the war in Ukraine and Russian President Vladimir Putin’s threats against nations supporting Kyiv have prompted a reevaluation of the country’s preparedness.
Officials are urging residents to create private shelters in basements or other secure spaces. Ralph Tiesler, head of the Federal Office for Civil Protection, acknowledged the challenges of rebuilding Germany’s civil defense capabilities, warning that constructing a comprehensive new bunker network could take decades.
The Christian Democrats (CDU) have called for faster action, pointing to Poland’s approach as a model. Poland plans to include shelters in all new construction starting in 2026 and has already identified temporary safe zones, such as metro stations, to accommodate its population in an emergency.
Germany’s renewed focus on civil defense highlights the urgency of preparing for potential conflict as tensions between NATO and Russia continue to escalate.
